{"object":[{"sourceId":{"label":"Source ID","value":"34757"},"creditline":{"label":"Credit Line","value":"Bequest of Colonel John R. Fox"},"labelText":{"label":"More Information","value":"BRIEF DESCRIPTIONThis ceramic cup, in the shape of a stylized flower, has incised designs on the exterior surface.WHERE WAS IT MADE?This cup was made in Korea during the Goryeo period.HOW WAS IT MADE?This cup was formed by pressing clay into a mold. It was finished with some hand carving and incising; the decorations along the outside of the cup were achieved by pressing into the clay with a sharp stylus before the cup was glazed and fired. When the glaze was applied it pooled in the slightly depressed, incised areas, making it thicker in those places, and therefore slightly darker. The green glaze on this cup is known in the west as celadon. The glaze contains iron oxides, which turn green when the vessel is fired in a reducing atmosphere. This technique came to Korea from China, along with a new kind of kiln construction. Goryeo ceramics were fired in long kilns (up to 60 feet long and four feet wide) built into the hillsides so that they climbed upwards. The insides of the kilns were lined with clay, and wood was used as the primary fuel for the fire.The kilns were supervised by government officials, and most of the ceramics were made for members of the government and other aristocratic families. Potters did not enjoy high social status, nor were they regarded as artists in the way that painters were.HOW WAS IT USED?This cup was made to sit on a cup stand, and was used for drinking wine. Such high-quality cups (and their stands) were made for use by the royal family. The shape of this particular cup is based on a silver prototype.WHY DOES IT LOOK LIKE THIS?Notice the ten petal-like lobes of the cup; what type of flower does this form remind you of? Designs of lotus flowers adorn the outside. The lotus is a Buddhist symbol of purity and enlightenment. Buddhism had a strong presence in Korea during the Goryeo period, and the lotus flower can be seen on many Goryeo ceramic wares."},"invno":{"label":"Object number","value":"67.288"},"description":{"label":"Description","value":"Ten-lobed cup (loti-form) on pedestal foot, both extremities foliated.  A well articulated base plate, slightly conical, is fully glazed.  Shows no spur mark.  Whitened ribs appear inside. Grey stoneware body burnt buff where exposed. Glaze partly crackled. A border (about  .125 inch) lightly carved, outlining both foot and mouth foliations.  An incised floral spray centered on each lobe. Foot: fully glazed; the base plate appears slightly conical and deeply recessed from well articulated foot rim. Condition:  Fair.  A major mend of a large chip at mouthrim. Comment:  A glaze blemish on one lobe, perhaps from touching the side wall of the kiln or another pot."},"medium":{"label":"Medium","value":"Gray stoneware with light blue-green glaze"},"onview":{"label":"On View","value":"0"},"media":{"label":"Media","value":"67.288_Disc0442_04425030"},"title":{"label":"Title","value":"Cup"},"classification":{"label":"Classifications","value":"Ceramics"},"primaryMedia":{"value":"https://emuseum.cornell.edu/internal/media/dispatcher/71222/full"},"culture":{"label":"Culture","value":"Korean"},"displayDate":{"label":"Date","value":"ca. Late 11th- 12th century"},"id":{"label":"Id","value":"216306"},"dimensions":{"label":"Dimensions","value":"1 3/4 × 2 7/8 inches (4.4 × 7.3 cm)"}}]}